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It was a vital seaway for the British for the servicing of their Empire. During the night of 11 and 12 November 1940, a battle began in the waters of Taranto in Italy. The Dec. 7, 1941, Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor ferociously confirmed that transition. Their flight time to reach their target was over two hours as they travelled at a maximum speed of just 75 knots.Half of the Swordfish were armed with torpedoes, with the other half carrying aerial bombs and flares to create diversions. The success of the attack was a remarkable victory for such a small force. The nature of the attack had so impressed the Japanese that they copied the attack a year later at Pearl Harbour. The attack on Taranto, Italy, by British forces on November 11, 1940, was the world’s first major carrier strike battle. However by 1940 the Italian Navy had grown in size and, despite British bases in Egypt, Cyprus, Crete, Malta and Gibraltar, Britain’s naval supremacy of the region was under threat.The Italian fleet, which was based at Taranto, was powerful. Prices in the Deal Locators Shop are 10% lower than on eBay By Mark Simner – Part One. It also had implications that went far beyond that time and place.Among Britain’s objectives was the preservation of Malta as an operational hub in the Mediterranean. Yes, Malta remained a crucial British base, but it faced continuous threat by land-based Italian and German aircraft, as did the shipping that supported it. The Royal Navy used the novel tactic of attacking the Italian fleet at Taranto using Swordfish torpedo planes launched from aircraft carriers.The success of the Royal Navy in this engagement, in what appears to be little more than a skirmish, was so profound that if the same damage had be wrought on the Italian fleet by the Royal Navy in a full scale naval battle, it would have been written up as a victory of Nelsonian proportions.Such was the novel success of this British Battle that it inspired the Japanese to use the same tactics at Pearl Harbour.HMS Illustrious – The Royal Nay aircraft carrier at the Battle of TarantoBritain’s Royal Navy had dominated the Mediterranean since the time of Nelson. This limited Britain’s ability to control the Mediterranean.A Swordfish biplane, as used by the Royal Navy at the Battle of Taranto, dropping a torpedoThis situation had been recognised over a year before the outbreak of World War Two by Senior Royal Navy Officers who started to look at possible ways of attacking the Italian fleet at Taranto.They were advised by the Captain of the Royal Navy aircraft carrier With the Italian’s Navy now a threat to supply routes to Crete and Malta, Admiral Andrew Cunningham decided in October 1940 to implement However, some technical issues caused a delay to the plan including a breakdown in the fuel system of Maintaining radio silence and without navigation lights to prevent detection, the first wave of twelve Swordfish took off just before 9pm on 11 November 1940, followed by the second wave of nine planes about 90 minutes later. Three Italian battle ships, The success of the attack was a remarkable victory for such a small force. The first wave of Swordfish began their approach from the south west just before midnight. The British night attack involved 21 Fairey Swordfish biplanes, launched in two waves from the Royal Navy carrier HMS Prime Minister Winston Churchill assessed the impact of the raid in the House of Commons:In light of widespread skepticism at the time about the viability of carrier-based airpower, the comment of Admiral Sir Andrew Cunningham, British commander in chief in the Mediterranean, was perhaps more noteworthy:In fact the balance of naval power in the Mediterranean was not altered as radically as Churchill claimed. Three Italian battle ships, Littorio, Caio Duilio and Conte di Cavour had been crippled, four other ships were sunk or badly damaged and a number of shore installations destroyed. "Alexander Flemming, Scottish bacteriologist who discovered penicillin in 1928.Richard Hofstadter, historian who won two Pulitzer Prizes for his work.Piers Anthony Dillingham Jacob, science fiction and fantasy author (M. Night Shyamalan, Indian-American screenwriter, director and producer (HistoryNet.com is brought to you by Historynet LLC, the world's largest publisher of history magazines. It was the Battle of Taranto, a fine harbor located in the instep of the Italian boot; the planes belonged to the Royal Navy. For their part the Italians needed to preserve the battleships, cruisers and destroyers that supported Italian ground operations in North Africa, while also threatening British logistics in the theater.Those conflicting military objectives collided at Taranto on Nov. 11, 1940. The Royal Navy of England under the leadership of Admiral Andrew Cunningham launched a naval attack on the Italian naval forces … The Italian fleet had lost half of their capital ships in one night with over 600 men killed and wounded. It signaled the replacement of the battleship by the aircraft carrier as the centerpiece of naval forces and an accompanying shift in naval tactics and strategies. The Battle of Taranto took place because the British were keen to reduce the threat of the Italian Navy in the Mediterranean. The Battle of Taranto: Italy’s Pearl Harbour? The flare carriers lit up the Italian ships allowing the torpedo bombers to begin their dive into a storm of fire from over 800 anti-aircraft guns.Within ten minutes the Italian fleet was suffering massive damage. Battle of Taranto The night of 11th – 12th November 1940 saw a naval mission of unprecedented determination and bravery when 21 canvas-winged Fairey Swordfish aircraft took off from HMS Illustrious to carry out one of the most pivotal aerial attacks of the Second World War: the sinking of the Italian Battle Fleet at Taranto. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 5,000 articles originally published in our various magazines. Keep your Family healthy with non-toxic antibacterial Sanitisers and Sprays The 1940 British attack on the Italian naval base at Taranto had a significant impact on the early stages of World War II in the Mediterranean. Destruction of the Italian Fleet at the Battle of Taranto.